MLA style is usually used in English and the Humanities. MLA 9th edition uses a citation format for use with ALL source types. MLA 9th edition, updated in 2021, is very similar to the MLA 8th edition from 2016.
Big Picture
In-Text Citations
Use for quotes, paraphrases and summaries
MLA In-Text Citations: The Basics (Purdue OWL)
Work Cited List
MLA Works Cited Page: Basic Format (Purdue, OWL)
Create citations for your Works Cited page using this template with its elements. Your citation may not include ALL elements. You may also repeat elements 3-9 depending on whether or not your source stands on its own or it is part of one or more containers.
Order of Elements | Element & Punctuation Following the Element | Example(s) |
1 | Author. | |
2 | Title of source. | |
3 | Title of container, | .... book, journal, database |
4 | Other contributors, | Translators or Editors |
5 | Version, | Edition |
6 | Number, | Vol. and/or No. |
7 | Publisher, | |
8 | Publication date, | |
9 | Location. | Refers to page numbers (pp.) NOT to a place of publication (unless deemed necessary), could refer to a DOI or database URL for an article |
Tips:
Examples of MLA Works Cited: Periodicals (Purdue OWL)
NorQuest Library developed a format for Indigenous Elders and Knowledge Keepers that is not available in formal MLA style.
Writing Resources from the Modern Language Associations (MLA)
Works Cited: A Quick Guide (MLA Style Center)
Jump 50 seconds in for a really good explanation of source and containers. MLA 9th edition continues to use sources and containers introduced in its 8th edition.
Marquette University Libraries (~4:30)
This video provides the logic behind the MLA's 8th edition style and offers many examples. MLA 9th edition is very similar to its 8th edition.
Kyle Stedman (~11 min.)