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Scholarly Publishing

What Is a Predatory Journal?

Alongside legitimate forms of open access, the shift of scholarly journal publishing from print to digital has led to the rise of online-only predatory journals. Though they resemble legitimate scholarly journals, predatory journals merely claim to practice rigorous peer review and employ high editorial standards while doing neither.

Predatory journals will publish almost any scholarly article in exchange for an up-front fee while rejecting few or no submitted manuscripts (so long as the authors are able to pay the fee, of course). The existence of predatory journals creates confusion over what constitutes legitimate scholarship and what does not. In a world where the findings of scholarly research influence important decisions impacting the wellbeing of people and the vitality of economies around the world, the fact that second- or third-rate articles published in predatory journals could be influencing those decisions is both disturbing and dangerous.

Identifying Predatory Journals

Whether or not a journal is predatory can be a difficult question to answer. While some journals are flagrantly predatory, there are journals that operate on a spectrum between flagrantly predatory and strictly legitimate. One warning sign to look out for are "cattle call" emails inviting authors to submit articles. It is often a good idea to ask colleagues for their opinions on the legitimacy of an unfamiliar journal before submitting an article to it. There are actual cases of scholars asking for their article to be withdrawn after realizing they have unintentionally submitted to a predatory journal only to have the journal publisher demand a fee for the withdrawal of the article, thus preventing the author from submitting to a different journal. 

The following resources provide provides useful tips for identifying predatory journals: 

The Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ) is a searchable database that helps scholars identify free, full text, quality controlled scientific and scholarly journals in their disciplines. If a journal is not listing in DOAJ, it may be predatory.

Choosing a Journal or Publisher