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English 190: Senior Thesis (Garcia, Fall 2025)

Step 2 - What is background information?

Step 2 of the research process often involves finding an overview of a topic, checking facts and data, checking dates of significant events, or looking up definitions of specialized terms. Step 2 can also help you test your research question to see if it is too broad or to narrow.Decorative element (tree with roots icon)

Like the roots of a tree, background information is not always visible but it does play an important role in your research. While Google can be helpful in this regard, you may find some of the UC Merced Reference Databases useful for definitions and background information. Spending time on this step of the process can help give you valuable context that will help you with other steps like searching for research and writing about your topic.

Tip: Background information is often called "reference information" in libraries and library databases. Reference information is also called a "tertiary source."

What Types of Resources?

The types of resources you plan to research and include as part of your thesis can influence your search strategies. 

Think about the type of material that you need -- do you need to find a letter? A scholarly article? A book?

Scenario 1: You found a letter written by William Blake and would like to find information that situates the content of the letter in the context of Blake's work. What type of resource might you look for?

Scenario 2: You are interested in movies that reflect and comment on William Blake's work. Where might you find information?

Scenario 3: You want to find an analysis of biblical influences on Charles Dickens' work. What might you search for?

Note: knowing what you need to find will help you find it. Some databases have scholarly articles, while others include popular sources. Many have both. In addition, there are databases that include illustrations, musical recordings, and more.

Background and Reference Databases at UC Merced Library

Multidisciplinary Databases

Specialized Databases by Subject or Area

eBooks & General Histories

Step 2 - Pause to Reflect

What is considered background information Noun project icon showing a thought process from question to ideaand whether to cite it can vary by discipline. If you're not sure what it is or where to find it, check out this YouTube video on primary, secondary, and tertiary sources from Suffolk County Library.

Are you citing background information in your research paper/project? You can always check with your instructor to see if that is acceptable for the assignment or within your discipline/major.